Data - Measurements

Retrieve solar wind magnetic field components (Bx, By, Bz) and total magnitude in Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric (GSM) coordinates. The Bz south component is the primary driver of geomagnetic storms.

Data Source: DSCOVR L1 spacecraft (Deep Space Climate Observatory)
Historical Coverage: 2015-present
Update Latency: 1-2 hours
Typical Values: ±100 nanoTesla

Retrieve solar wind bulk parameters: speed, density, temperature, and dynamic pressure. These measurements are essential for magnetosphere modeling and geomagnetic storm forecasting. High speed + southward Bz = highest storm risk.

Data Source: DSCOVR L1 spacecraft
Historical Coverage: 2015-present
Update Latency: 1-2 hours
Typical Values: Speed 250-600 km/s, Density 1-20 particles/cm³, Temp 10K-100K K

Retrieve integral proton flux at standard energy thresholds from GOES SGPS (Space Environment Monitor). Returns pre-computed integral fluxes for 7 energy thresholds in a single response, optimized for space weather operations.

Data Source: GOES-16/17/18/19 SGPS Instrument
Historical Coverage: 2016-present (GOES-R series)
Update Latency: Near real-time
Energy Thresholds: ≥10, ≥30, ≥50, ≥60, ≥100, ≥500, ≥1000 MeV
Units: particles/cm²/s (integral flux)

Key Applications:

• Solar energetic particle (SEP) event detection
• NOAA space weather alert generation (S-scale)
• Spacecraft radiation risk assessment
• Polar cap absorption forecasting

Energy Threshold Reference:

• ≥10 MeV: Baseline SEP monitoring, NOAA S1 threshold (10 pfu)
• ≥30 MeV: HF communication impacts
• ≥50 MeV: Moderate radiation hazard
• ≥100 MeV: NOAA S3 threshold, significant radiation
• ≥500 MeV: Deep penetration, high LET events
• ≥1000 MeV: Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) indicator

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve solar X-ray flux from GOES XRSF (X-Ray Sensor Full-disk) instrument with automatic NOAA flare classification. Returns both XRSA (0.5-4 Å) and XRSB (1-8 Å) bands with real-time flare class assignment.

Data Source: GOES-16/17/18/19 XRSF Instrument
Historical Coverage: 2016-present (GOES-R series)
Update Latency: Near real-time (1-minute cadence)
Wavelength Bands:

• XRSA: 0.5-4 Ångström (soft X-rays)
• XRSB: 1-8 Ångström (primary for NOAA classification)

NOAA Solar Flare Classification (based on XRSB flux):

• A-class: < 10⁻⁷ W/m² (background, no flare)
• B-class: 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁶ W/m² (minor flares, no impacts)
• C-class: 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻⁵ W/m² (small flares, minor radio blackouts)
• M-class: 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁴ W/m² (medium flares, HF radio blackouts, radiation storms)
• X-class: ≥ 10⁻⁴ W/m² (major flares, widespread blackouts, radiation hazard)

Each class has intensity levels 1.0-9.9 (e.g., M2.1, X1.5). The endpoint automatically computes these classifications and includes peak detection flags for flare identification.

Key Applications:

• Real-time solar flare monitoring
• Space weather alert generation
• HF communication impact assessment
• Satellite operations planning

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES) energetic particle and magnetometer data at high latitudes (~840 km polar orbit). Includes electron and proton fluxes across multiple energy channels, alpha particle fluxes, and magnetic field measurements in IGRF and Cartesian coordinates.

Data Source: NOAA POES and MetOp satellites
Active Satellites: NOAA-15, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, MetOp-01, MetOp-03
Historical Coverage: 1998-present
Update Interval: 1-minute granularity; data typically available within 1-3 days after downlink
Coverage: High-latitude regions (~840 km polar orbit)
Measurement Types:

• Position: latitude, longitude, altitude
• Magnetometer: B-field in IGRF (foot of field line, satellite), Cartesian components
• Particle Fluxes: Electrons (4 channels), Protons (8 channels), Alphas (4 channels)
• Energy Arrays: Reference energy values for each flux channel
  Use Cases: Auroral substorm detection, radiation belt monitoring, space weather events

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 5 active POES satellites (NOAA-15, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, MetOp-01, MetOp-03).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve X-Ray Sensor Flux measurements from GOES satellites. XRSF data includes X-ray flux measurements in the 0.1-0.8 nm (A) and 0.05-0.4 nm (B) bands used for solar flare classification.

Data Source: NOAA GOES X-Ray Sensor (XRS)
Active Satellites: GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19
Historical Coverage: GOES-16+ from 2016-present
Update Latency: Real-time (minutes)
Key Measurements: XRSA/XRSB flux (A/B bands), quality flags, roll angle
Use Cases: Solar flare monitoring, X-ray event alerts, space weather forecasting

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve Extreme Ultraviolet Sensor (EUVS) measurements from GOES satellites. EUVS provides solar irradiance measurements at multiple EUV wavelengths and MgII core-to-wing ratio for monitoring solar extreme-ultraviolet output.

Data Source: NOAA GOES EUVS
Active Satellites: GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19
Historical Coverage: GOES-16+ from 2016-present
Update Latency: Real-time
Key Measurements: EUV irradiance at 7 wavelengths (256, 284, 304, 1175, 1216, 1335, 1405 Å), MgII index
Use Cases: Solar UV activity tracking, ionosphere forecasting, radiation climate studies

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve magnetometer data from GOES satellites in multiple coordinate systems (GSE, GSM, VDH, ECI). Includes satellite attitude and orbital information for understanding magnetic field vectors in space.

Data Source: NOAA GOES Magnetometer (MAG)
Active Satellites: GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19
Historical Coverage: GOES-16+ from 2016-present
Update Latency: Real-time
Key Measurements: Magnetic field in GSE/GSM/VDH/ECI coordinates, total field magnitude, attitude, orbit
Use Cases: Magnetosphere research, geomagnetic storm monitoring, space weather modeling

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.

Retrieve Space Weather Instruments Package (SGPS) data from GOES satellites including solar and galactic proton flux measurements across multiple energy channels. Data includes both integral and differential proton fluxes.

Data Source: NOAA GOES SGPS
Active Satellites: GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19
Historical Coverage: GOES-16+ from 2016-present
Update Latency: Real-time
Key Measurements: Integral/differential proton fluxes, alpha particle fluxes, energy channels
Use Cases: Radiation forecasting, proton event monitoring, SEP (Solar Energetic Particle) alerts

Important Notes:

• Record Multiplication: The number of records returned is multiplied by the number of active satellites. For example, requesting 1 day of data without filtering by satellite will return records from all 4 active GOES satellites (GOES-16, GOES-17, GOES-18, GOES-19).
• Reverse Chronological Order: Results are returned in reverse chronological order (newest first), which is opposite to the chronological order of the specified start_time and end_time parameters.